2209
2014
2014
Diabetes is a lifelong problem that brings with it some problems and responsibilities.
is a disease. Diabetic foot is one of the most serious and severe complications of diabetes. diabetic
Approximately 50% of people are at risk of developing diabetic foot during their lifetime. Because
Foot problems in diabetes are very important both medically, socially and economically.
The purpose of this brochure is to let you know about the negative effects of diabetes on your feet.
It is to provide information on what you need and what kind of help you should get.
If your blood sugar is too high and irregular, you may experience problems with your feet.
you start. The reason for this is the blood circulation disorder in the veins. This circulatory disorder
As a result, damage to the vessels begins. Dysfunctions in organs that cannot reach enough blood
it occurs.
At the same time, when blood sugar is high, damage to the nerves in the feet occurs. Nerve damage
Loss of sensation in the feet and fingertips may occur. Because; pressure, pain, cuts,
burns and injuries may not be felt. Foot ulcers occur after cuts, burns and wounds.
Also, some microbes (bacteria and fungi) multiply more easily in sugary media. Bacteria and fungi
infection disrupts skin integrity and leads to scar formation again. These wounds so quickly
become inflamed and cause serious problems. Left untreated, gangrene or even damaged
It may even be possible to cut the area.
With nerve damage, the foot muscles weaken. This is in the skin, soft tissue, bone and
causes damage to the joints. When these damages start, running, football, step etc.
It is necessary to avoid activities that may cause further damage to your feet, such as
FOOT-RELATED COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES
fungal infection
Callus
inflamed swelling
Foot deformities
Deep or superficial foot sores
Bone infection (Osteomyelitis)
gangrene
DIABETIC FOOT RISK FACTORS
poor blood sugar control
To smoke
Wearing shoes that don't fit
Walking around the house, garden or seaside barefoot
previous foot wounds
circulatory disorder
damage to nerves
IF YOU HAVE THE FINDINGS MENTIONED BELOW
IF YOU ARE OBSERVING, PLEASE CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR
Fungal infection of feet and nails.
Nail ingrown.
callus formation
Formation of cracks in the skin
Wounds and cuts on the skin
ingrown nails
Color changes in the feet (bruising, paleness)
Regional temperature increase
Pain and loss of sensationOMU Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology
Patient Education Forms Page 3
Swelling in the foot or ankle
Changes in foot shape and appearance
HOW FREQUENTLY FEET SHOULD BE EXAMINED BY THE DOCTOR?
Type 1 diabetes 3 years after diagnosis and annually thereafter
Type 2 diabetes at the time of diagnosis and annually thereafter
In case of any complaints, it is necessary to come to the examination.
WHAT DOES THE DOCTOR SEE IN THE FOOT EXAMINATION?
circulatory disorder
nerve damage
skin changes
shape changes
wounds
quotes
MATTERS TO BE CONSIDERED IN FOOT CARE
Quit smoking.
Do not step on the ground with bare feet at home or on the beach, and always wear slippers on your feet.
Wash your feet every day in warm water (not exceeding 37 degrees) with a non-irritating soap.
After washing, dry thoroughly with a soft towel, especially between your toes. This
Drying will prevent fungal infection, especially between the fingers.
You can apply moisturizing cream to your feet against drying and cracking. But the cream
Never rub it between your toes.
Change your socks every day. Prefer cotton socks that do not tighten the foot.
Be careful not to tighten the elastic parts especially. Repaired or sewn socks
Do not wear. These can cause skin damage and irritation.
Never use cutting tools for calluses and hardened skin on your feet.
Trim your toenails while they are soft after bathing, do not cut them too short and cut the corners.
Don't take it deep. File it later with a nail file.
Do not use any heater (stove, heater, electric heater, etc.) or a hot water bag.
Do not heat using Serious burns on your feet without realizing it in such heating
may occur.
.
Wear your socks when your feet feel cold.
Before entering the bathroom, make sure to have someone in the family check the temperature of the water. without measuring the temperature
Do not step into the bathroom. Because, due to damage to the nerves of the feet, the heat of the water
you may not feel.
Check your feet every day (maybe before going to bed at night).
You can look at it with the help of a mirror. In this way, injuries such as cuts and scratches on your feet,
early recognition of swelling, dryness of the skin, redness and blisters
You can take .
Never cut the dead tissue and blisters around the nails.
Commercially available cosmetic products for your feet hardness, calluses, nail problems
Do not use without consulting your doctor. OMU Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology
Patient Education Forms Page 5
Sitting cross-legged or crossing legs, as it will cause circulatory disorder
do not sit.
Check the feeling by touching the bottom, top, heel and toes of your feet every day.
Get regular and good foot care habits.
SHOE USE AND SHOE SELECTION OF THE DIABETES PERSON
The points that a person with diabetes should pay attention to in the use of shoes and the choice of shoes are as follows:
should be as:
Wear comfortable and soft shoes that do not pinch your feet and fit well. If necessary
Have special shoes made for your feet.
Do not wear your shoes without socks. Sweat absorbent, keeping warm when necessary and cool when necessary.
Prefer seamless, non-tight, flexible socks.
Do not use open-toed slippers and flip-flops.
(Glass, nails, stones, etc. things may pierce your feet)
In terms of areas that may cause blisters and friction on the feet, without wearing your shoes.
first, be sure to shake it out and check it (in terms of stones etc.)
Wipe the inside of your shoes with a wet soapy cloth once a week.
If the insoles are worn, replace them. (can be changed every 6 months)
Paint your shoes frequently to protect the outer surface.
Do not wear sandals, high heels and pointed-toed shoes. This kind of shoes
it puts your feet under excessive pressure and leads to crushing of the skin in these areas
Your feet cannot maintain their size in the morning, they swell. Therefore shoes
go in the afternoon to pick it up. When you buy new shoes, a maximum of 1-2 hours during the day
Try to wear it so that your feet get used to the shoes.
If possible, shoes should be changed during the day to relieve pressure areas.
When exercising, wear running and walking shoes.
If you have deformities or wounds on your feet, make sure to have custom made shoes.
you can think.
HOW IS THE TREATMENT FOR PROBLEMS IN THE FEET?
Treatment approaches appropriate to the type, depth and size of foot wound and infection
has. By experts (Endocrinologist, Dermatologist, Plastic surgeon, Cardiovascular surgeon,
Orthopedist, Infectious Diseases Specialist), the necessary treatment plan is prepared for your problem.
The first and most important treatment is to maintain tight blood glucose control. This
In order to ensure continuity, first of all, it is necessary to reorganize the diet program and to address diabetes.
The treatment you have received needs to be reconsidered.
Therefore, go to your doctor's checkups regularly. Necessary by taking care of your foot health
Do not neglect your maintenance.
Source : Ondokuz Mayıs University
